HoW MUSLIM STUDENTS SPEND RAMADAN IN AMERICA?

a recent article published on ‘San ANtonio Report’ Discussed the experiences of Muslim students AND offered insights into how public schools can better acknowledge the sacred Islamic month of Ramadan.

What is the enrollment of Muslim students in public schools in the US?

There are approximately 3.85 million Muslims in the United States, with 1.35 million being children. Although this represents a minority of public school students nationally, and many Muslim children attend private Islamic schools, they form part of the 60% majority of students in public schools for whom religion holds significance in their lives.

What are the legal obligations of public schools during Ramadan?

Public schools are mandated by federal law, specifically Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, to protect students from discrimination based on race, color, or national origin, including those of any religious affiliation. In 2023, the U.S. Department of Education reaffirmed guidelines on constitutionally protected prayer and religious expression, providing detailed information to school leaders on safeguarding the rights of students to practice their religion during the school day. These guidelines ensure that schools can accommodate Muslim students, including provisions for prayer during non-instructional time, such as during Ramadan.

What are the advantages of schools recognizing Ramadan?

Research indicates that students benefit from a sense of belonging, improved well-being, and enhanced academic performance when attending schools that foster a positive environment acknowledging the diversity of the student body. Conversely, students experiencing discrimination and bias tend to face academic challenges. Therefore, supportive school environments contribute to excellent teaching and learning outcomes for all students.

How do schools accommodate fasting students during Ramadan?

Muslim students observing Ramadan fast from food and drink during daylight hours. To support fasting students, schools may allow them to sit away from the cafeteria during lunchtime to avoid exposure to food-related stimuli. Alternative seating arrangements can minimize physical discomfort and provide opportunities for quiet activities or rest. Additionally, fasting students may prefer to spend lunchtime in locations such as the library or designated classrooms, preferably alongside other Muslim students observing the fast. Exemptions from fasting are granted to students who have not reached puberty, menstruating female students, and those who are ill or traveling.

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What challenges do fasting students face in public schools?

Fasting students may experience fatigue, headaches, and dehydration during Ramadan, affecting their academic performance. The fasting period begins at dawn, often requiring students to wake up early for pre-dawn meals and prayers. By the end of the day, students may exhibit decreased cognitive focus, fatigue, and exhaustion, impacting their ability to engage in complex tasks or assessments scheduled in the late afternoon. Some students may request to take tests earlier in the day when they are more alert. After sunset, students break their fast at home or at the mosque, limiting their participation in typical homework assignments and after-school activities.

How does the Israel-Palestine conflict impact schools?

Increased anti-Muslim bias and hate since October 7, 2023, has created a climate of fear among American Muslims, leading some to conceal their religious identity or censor their speech. Educators can promote inclusive practices that offer accommodations to all students, minimizing the need for individual requests that may reveal students' religious identities. Similar to universal design principles, schools can provide alternative lunch seating, low-intensity physical education options, and flexible assessment schedules to support fasting students and maintain inclusivity.

How do students manage physical education or sports during Ramadan?

Fasting students may request to avoid cardio-intensive activities during physical education classes to prevent exhaustion and dehydration. Instead, they may opt for moderate strength training with periodic rest breaks. Young athletes may experience decreased performance at the start of Ramadan until their bodies adjust to fasting, while older student-athletes may modify their training schedules to prepare for competitions during Ramadan.

How do college students observe Ramadan on campuses?

Muslim students in higher education often organize Fast-A-Thons, inviting fellow students to fast together for one day during Ramadan. These events, dating back to 2001, promote awareness of Ramadan and Muslim traditions, occasionally fundraising for social justice causes. Many college Muslim Student Associations (MSAs) host Fast-A-Thon events and communal sunset meals to foster inclusivity and understanding among students.

How many school districts close for Eid al-Fitr?

At least 19 U.S. public school districts closed in 2023 for Eid al-Fitr, the holiday marking the end of Ramadan.